CAW LibGuides: Writing a Dissertation Proposal

The aim of this handout is to provide a general introduction to the skills required when writing a proposal for your undergraduate dissertation or independent research project. The examples in this handout use the APA 7 th edition referencing style.

What is a dissertation?

• Also called an independent research project, a dissertation is a piece of original research on a topic, closely related to your degree, in which you are particularly interested!
• It is normally the longest piece of work you will complete during your undergraduate study.
• Unlike most other modules, which have taught content, research projects are completed more independently, with support from a supervisor from your course.

What is a dissertation proposal?

• One of the first stages in the dissertation process.
• A piece of work in which you present your research ideas, and plan out your dissertation project, before carrying out the research!

What are the benefits of writing a dissertation proposal?

Proposals give you the opportunity to evaluate your dissertation plans before embarking on extensive research. They enable you to receive feedback on the following:

• Whether your project is practicable. Do you have the skills, knowledge and timerequired to carry out your proposed project?
• Whether your research project will address your chosen research question.
• Whether it will meet university requirements for an undergraduate dissertation (Greetham, 2019, p. 128).

Before writing your dissertation proposal: To-do list

• Familiarise yourself with the requirements and guidelines for dissertation work; these may be university-wide or specific to your subject discipline.
• Identify a good study-skills book to guide you step-by-step through the dissertation writing process (see ‘Sources and Further Reading' below).
• Identify your overall area of proposed research or research topic.
• Carry out a preliminary literature review to become familiar with the knowledge available on your topic, and to identify a research gap or problem that you will address (see the CAW handout, ‘Writing a Literature Review’, to help with this).
• Work to develop your initial ideas surrounding your proposed project. You will want to think about:
• What you want to investigate (Read on to think about how you might define your project).
• How you are going to find the information you need.
• What the likely significance of your findings will be.

What might you include in your dissertation proposal?

(Adapted from Greetham, 2009, p. 134).

Before you continue

The requirements of your dissertation (and your dissertation proposal) will vary widely between different disciplines. Whilst this handout offers general guidance, it is very important that you follow your brief, and your departmental guidelines, as carefully as you can, to ensure that you include all necessary requirements.

A dissertation proposal typically includes the following elements:

Title

One part of your proposal will involve formulating the proposed title of your research. The title might include

• The main subject of your research (what is the thing being examined?)
• The scope of your research (how much of the subject area is being examined?)
• The methodological approach of your research (with what research method are you examining this subject?)

Example

The impact of understanding of English grammar on academic success: A quantitative analysis of first year student assessments in Coventry University’s Faculty of Arts and Humanities.

In this example we can see that the subject of the research has been introduced (undergraduate understanding of English grammar), and the scope has been narrowed to make this a feasible study (first-year student assessments within a particular faculty at Coventry University). The study’s method has also been briefly introduced (quantitative).

Outline of the problem

Research projects typically work to identify and then solve a particular problem, or to address a research gap. In the outline you will describe this problem or gap, which helps you to justify your project!

University students’ understanding of English grammar is impeding the marks they receive for assignments.

Aim

Based on the problem you have identified, your proposal will need to clearly set out your dissertation’s aims in response to this problem. The proposal will need to consider

• The purpose of your research. What does it aim to do to solve your problem?
• The main research questions that will be investigated to solve the problem.

In order to further understand the relationship between undergraduate understanding of grammatical rules and marks received, the proposed dissertation performs a quantitative analysis on a sample of Coventry University first years within the faculty of Arts and Humanities.

Example research question

How does student understanding of English grammar impact marks received for assignments?

Objectives

Your objectives are the achievable project activities you plan to complete in order to fulfil your aims and answer your research question. When formulating your objectives, it can help to break up your research questions into smaller sub-questions.

• What grammar rules cause students particular problems?
• How do we measure student understanding of such grammar rules?
• Does a significant correlation exist between student understanding of such rules, and academic success?
• Can we identify a causal link between understanding of grammar rules, and academic success?

Whilst there are many possible sub-questions we might ask to help us break down the overall research question, we can see how these example questions make it a little easier to define what will be done over the course of the research:

Example objectives

• To assess the level of the sampled students’ understanding of grammatical rules through a comprehensive survey.
• To determine whether there is a correlation between the sampled students’ understanding of grammatical rules and academic success, by establishing whether there is a significant relationship between grammar errors and marks received for relevant assessments.
• To identify particular grammatical rules causing difficulty to sampled students and consider possible contributing factors.

We can see that whilst the aims are more general, the example objectives plan out more exactly the tasks that the research will complete.

Background

Present an overview of current academic thinking on your topic. Some departments may refer to this section as a literature review. You will want to consider the following questions:

• What do relevant research and publications say about your topic or problem?
• What are the main themes and issues that can be identified in current literature?
• What are the main academic perspectives around your chosen topic?
• Are there any research gaps you intend to fill?

Example of ways to summarise previous research:

• Recent research generally agrees that […], with previous findings typically focussing on three main themes: […].
• Authors X and Y suggest that […], whilst author Z argues for […].

Examples of ways to introduce the limitations of previous research:

• However, whilst such studies consistently agree that […], these studies have not dealt with […] in much detail.
• Whilst data exists for such a claim, this data is now over X years old and it is important to determine whether it is still accurate.
• A significant problem with the research on […] is […].
• One major limitation of the study design is that […].

Examples of ways to introduce and respond to a research gap:

• No previous study has examined […] in sufficient detail. The present study aims to address this gap within the literature, considering […]
• More up-to-date research is required to assess whether the findings from previous research remains consistent. The present study consequently aims to do so […]
• To mitigate the methodological issues of previous research, the present study is designed to […]

Research methodology (if appropriate)

If this element is required, you will need to explain the methods you will use to collect information in your dissertation, and explain how they allow you to achieve your aims and objectives:

• Identify the activities you plan to carry out. Think about how, exactly, you will complete your research objectives.
• Identify any equipment you may need.
• Identify any anticipated project costs.
• Explain how you propose to address anticipated problems and ethical issues.
• Assess your approach for reliability and validity.

Timetable

• Identify how you are going to allocate time to the required project activities.
• You might be expected to plan out or visualise the timeline for your project, either through a bar chart or a Gantt chart. You will want to show the sequence of project activities and deadlines for their completion.

Provisional outline of dissertation structure

• Outline the proposed chapter headings and subheadings of your dissertation. This will give structure to your work by providing you with a plan for your writing.

Conclusion

• State what the significance of the outcome of your research is likely to be.
• What will it contribute to the body of knowledge and how might it influence future research?
• Relate your conclusions back to your research aims and objectives.

References

• Compile a List of References for everything cited in the proposal, adhering to the referencing style used in your department.